Saranya Bose.J

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN MIX COCA COLA AND MILK

Interesting reaction coke and milk
The reaction of phosphoric acid (V) to proteins in the milk - they are cut and causes a precipitate. The reaction of phosphoric acid with calcium contained in milk gives rise to a precipitate
3Ca + 2H3PO4 gives Ca3(PO4)2 + 3H2

It is a reaction of the Phosphoric Acid contained in the coca cola to the milk. Phosphoric Acid molecules attach to the milk giving them more density and separate out while the remaining liquid that makes up the milk and cocoa cola now being lighter floats on top. The solid matter is basically milk that has been curdled by the addition of the more acidic soda.

Both items are acidic but coca-cola more so. In general, coca-cola has a pH of anywhere from 2.5-4.5 because of the Phosphoric Acid content where milk has a normal pH around 6.7 (almost neutral, milk that is in the base range is usually mastitic).

There are some studies to suggest that because of the high Phosphoric Acid content in most soft drinks that they can help to increase the likelihood that a person will develop Osteoporosis if they aren't getting enough Calcium in their diet. Coca-cola makes an excellent household cleaner - it can be used to take tarnish off of pennies and I've used it to degrease car engines.

Science Related Topic No:1

PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG

Photochemical smog is a unique type of air pollution which is caused by reactions between sunlight and pollutants like hydrocarbons and nitrogen dioxide. Although photochemical smog is often invisible, it can be extremely harmful, leading to irritations of the respiratory tract and eyes. In regions of the world with high concentrations of photochemical smog, elevated rates of death and respiratory illnesses have been observed.

Smog itself is simply airborne pollution which may obscure vision and cause various health conditions. It is caused by small particles of material which become concentrated in the air for a variety of reasons. Commonly, smog is caused by an inversion, in which cool air presses down on a column of warm air, forcing the air to remain stationary. Inversions are notorious in Southern California, where smog can sometimes get so severe that people are warned to stay indoors.

Some of the particulate matter in the air can oxidize very readily when exposed to the UV spectrum. Nitrogen dioxide and various hydrocarbons produced through combustion will interact with sunlight to break down into hazardous chemicals. It doesn't have to be sunny for photochemical smog to form; UV light can also penetrate clouds. The pollutants released through human activity in this situation are known as “primary pollutants,” and they include sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and other volatile organic compounds. When these compounds interact with the sun, they form “secondary pollutants” like ozone and additional hydrocarbons.

While ozone is an excellent thing in the upper atmosphere, since it protects the delicate environment of the Earth, it is not desired at ground level. Ozone can be extremely irritating to the respiratory tract, leading to fits of coughing and various medical conditions if exposure is prolonged. The mixture of hazardous pollutants formed by the reaction between UV rays and smog can travel on the wind to rural areas, meaning the photochemical smog does not just impact big cities.

Some measures have been taken around the world to reduce photochemical smog. Light emissions regulations on vehicles and factories are one such step; many factories must use scrubbers and treatment systems before releasing air from their manufacturing facilities, for example. The use of harmful chemicals is also restricted in some regions of the world, since these chemicals can create photochemical smog. Government agencies also monitor air quality through testing, citing companies which violate the law and issuing warnings when smog levels are dangerous.

Lesson Transcript

LESSON TRANSCRIPT

INDUCTIVE TRAINING MODEL

Name of School : Standard : Viii

Name of Teacher : SaranyaBoseJ Strength :

Subject : Chemistry Date :

Unit : Moleculeatom Duration :

Topic:Pure substance and Mixtures

NAME OF THE CONCEPT: pure substances and mixtures

OBJECTIVES:

· Pupils develop observation skills

· Identification of different types of pure substances and mixtures.

· Generalization about substances.

· Pupils develop hypothesizing predicting results.

PHASE 1: DATA CATEGORIZATION

T : What are the common characteristics of sugar salt water oxygen and rice?

S : All the substances contains one type of substance.

T : What are the common characteristics of tea sugar solution sambar and juice?

S : They all contains more than one substance.

T : Can you group them based on their similarities?

A	B
Sugar Salt Oxygen Rice	Tea Sugar solution Sambar Juice

PHASE 2: INTERPRETATIONS OF DATA

T : Now let us analyze the above mentioned examples. How did you classify them?

S : Items in group A contain only one kind of items but in B more than one.

T : Very good. Can you name their general name?

S : No teacher

T : The group A are pure substance and group B is mixture. Pure substances contain only one kind of molecules but mixtures contain more than one kind of molecules.

PHASE 3 :APPLICATION O F GENERALISATION

T : Now I will give you some examples identify them. Chilly powder

S : Pure substance

T : Right. Why it is pure substances?

S : Because it contain only one kind of molecule.

T : Yes. Then salt solution

S : Mixture

T : Very good. Hydrogen

S : Pure substance

T : So pure substance contain only one kind of molecules and mixtures contain more than one kind of molecules.

Online Assignment

ONLINE ASSIGNMENT

FOG INDEX

The fog index is commonly used to confirm that text can be read easily by the intended audience. Texts for a wide audience generally need a fog index less than 12. Texts requiring near-universal understanding generally need an index less than 8.

Fog index is calculated with the following

1. Select a passage (such as one or more full paragraphs) of around 100 words. Do not omit any sentences.

2. Determine the average sentence length. (Divide the number of words by the number of sentences.) .

3. Count the "complex" words: those with three or more syllables. Do not include proper nouns, familiar jargon, or compound words. Do not include common suffixes (such as -es, -ed, or -ing) as a syllable.

4. Add the average sentence length and the percentage of complex words.

5. Multiply the result by 0.4.

WEBSITE

A website, also written as web site, or simply site, is a set of related web pages typically served from a single web domain. A website is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a network such as the Internet or a private local area network through an Internet address known as a Uniform resource locator. All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute the World Wide Web.

A webpage is a document, typically written in plain text interspersed with formatting instructions of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML, XHTML). A webpage may incorporate elements from other websites with suitable markup.

WebPages are accessed and transported with the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which may optionally employ encryption (HTTP Secure, HTTPS) to provide security and privacy for the user of the webpage content. The user's application, often a web browser, renders the page content according to its HTML markup instructions onto a display terminal.

The pages of a website can usually be accessed from a simple Uniform Resource Locator (URL) called the web. The URLs of the pages organize them into a hierarchy, although hyper linking between them conveys the reader's perceived site structure and guides the reader's navigation of the site which generally includes a home page with most of the links to the site's web content, and a supplementary about, contact and link page.
Some websites require a subscription to access some or all of their content. Examples of subscription websites include many business sites, parts of news websites, academic journal websites, gaming websites, file-sharing websites, message boards, web-based email, social networking websites, websites providing real-time stock market data, and websites providing various other services (e.g., websites offering storing and/or sharing of images, files and so forth)

SOURCEBOOK

The term sourcebook is used to describe many different kinds of books such as collections of core articles, bibliographies, biographies, printed archival sources, directories and so on.

In American universities, a sourcebook, either a standard one or a custom collection, may function as a supplement or replacement for a textbook.

LEARNING MODULES

Learning Modules are used to package and present content and allow instructors to organize related course materials in a Table of Contents. All types of content, such as items, Assignments, and Tests can be included in a Learning Module.

Learning Modules are edited like any other item in a Content Area. Content within a Learning Module is added and managed just like content in a folder or Content Area. The Learning Module is a shell to which other types of content, such as files, are added. Instructors can add folders and subfolders to a Learning Module to impose a hierarchical structure over the content. This hierarchy is an outline view that appears in the Table of Contents.

Depending on how an instructor sets up a Learning Module, students can view content in one of two ways:

· Sequentially: material is viewed in a specific order.

· Non-sequentially: material is viewed in any order.

Sequential Learning Modules

Learning Modules can be viewed sequentially or non-sequentially. If sequential viewing is enforced, Students view the Learning Module in the order listed. Students cannot advance to a page within the unit without having viewed the previous page. If sequential viewing is not enforced, items in the Learning Module can be viewed in any order. Sequential viewing is set in the options for the Learning Module and can be changed at any time.